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2016年托福考試考前語法練習(xí)題（帶答案詳解）
下面是小編整理的2016年托福考試語法練習(xí)題，考試可以在考前拿出來當作沖刺練筆的練習(xí)題，練習(xí)題后面都有答案解析，可以查漏補缺。
2016年托福考試考前語法練習(xí)題1
1. All the major cities of the United States， ________ the cities of the Great Lakes and the Gulf of Mexico， began as centers of trade.
A. and to include
B. which including
C. included
D. including
答案：D
分析：兩個逗號之間是插入語，這里分詞作狀語，不能用謂語動詞。
參考譯文：包括大湖區(qū)和墨西哥峽谷的美國所有主要城市都是以貿(mào)易中心的模式發(fā)展起來的。
2. Settled by English Puritans in 1630， Boston became _________ .
A. the capital of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
B. the Massachusetts Bay Colony its capital
C. it was the capital of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
D. so that the capital of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
答案：A
分析：缺賓語。B語序混亂;C中出現(xiàn)兩個謂語動詞，錯;D中became 仍然沒有賓語，so that 多余，錯。
參考譯文：波士頓在1963年被英國清教徒定址，并曾是馬薩諸塞州灣殖民地的首都。
3. Navigators on ships and aircraft use a compass to determine _________ they are heading.
A. the direction in which
B. to where the direction
C. that direction of which
D. where the direction
答案：A
分析：空格前缺賓語，空格后是個完整的句子，只有B能滿足。prep+which 作為介詞賓語，后面接完整的句子。
參考譯文：船和飛機的領(lǐng)航員通過指南針來確定他們航行的方向。
4. A condenser is a heat exchanger _________ steam or vapor loses heat and returns to liquid form.
A. what
B. in which
C. in whose
D. that
答案：B
分析：空格前后都是完整的句子，選項中優(yōu)先選擇prep+which.prep+which 作為介詞賓語，后面接完整的句子。
參考譯文：冷凝器是一種熱交換器，蒸氣或水汽在里面失去熱量，變回液體狀態(tài)。
5. Published in 1957， John Cheever's first novel， The Wapshot Chronicle， earned _________ the National Book Award.
A. that he had
B. him
C. was his
D. to him
答案：B
分析：雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)：sth. Earn sb sth. 類似的還有g(shù)ain/win
參考譯文：John Cheever的第一部小說The Wapshot Chronicle于1957年，并為他贏得全國圖書獎。
6. As seen from the Earth at night， _________ planet Jupiter ranks third among the planets and stars in maximum brightness， after Venus and Mars.
A. when the
B. in which the
C. the
D. and the
答案：C
分析：空格后句子完整，此處缺限定詞。
參考譯文：晚上從地球上看去，行星木星在行星恒星最大亮度等級中排名第三，排在金星和火星的后面。
7. _________ produces a crimson glow in a vacuum tube and is used extensively in advertising displays.
A. Neon that
B. When neon
C. Neon
D. There is neon
答案：C
分析：缺主語。A中that多余;B中When多余，D中出現(xiàn)兩個謂語動詞。
參考譯文：氖能在真空管里釋放出深紅色的光芒，并被廣泛的在廣告顯像里應(yīng)用。
8. Chaparral consists of _________ stunted by short， wet winters followed by long， dry summers.
A. are trees and shrubs
B. how trees and shrubs
C. trees and shrubs have
D. trees and shrubs
答案：D
分析：of 后接名詞，首先排除A和B.C中有個動詞have， 后半句中有動詞follow， 兩句之間沒有連接詞，一定錯。
參考譯文：叢林由樹和灌木組成，短的、潮濕的冬天和隨后的長的干燥的夏天阻礙了它們的生長。
9. The Monroe Doctrine of 1823 was _________ of United States policy concerning the activities and rights of European powers in North and South America.
A. when a statement
B. as a statement
C. a statement
D. to a statement
答案：C
分析：缺賓語。A，B，D中的when， as， to 多余。
參考譯文：1982年的門羅主義是針對南北美歐洲集權(quán)的行為和權(quán)利的美國政策的表述。
10. _________ to stand in a warm place， it sours because of the presence of bacteria that convert milk sugar into acid.
A. When milk is allowed
B. When is milk allowed
C. Milk， when allowed
D. When milk allowed
答案：A
分析：B不應(yīng)該使用倒裝;C：如果是插入語的話，后半句中不應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)it;D中由句意allow應(yīng)該使用被動形式。
參考譯文：當牛奶持續(xù)的放在溫暖的地方，細菌的出現(xiàn)把牛奶的糖轉(zhuǎn)化成酸，因此它就發(fā)酸了。
2016年托福考試考前語法練習(xí)題2
1. While play is important at all levels of human development， _________ takes on particular significance when children are five and six years old.
A. it
B. and
C. which
D. because it
答案：A
分析：缺主語。it 在這里作為形式主語。
參考譯文：比賽對各個層次人的發(fā)展都是重要的，尤其是當小孩5、6歲大的時候，意義重大。
2. During the second and third years of life， children gain _________ over their bodies.
A. control increasing
B. increasing to control
C. control is increasing
D. increasing control
答案：D
分析：缺賓語，而且應(yīng)該是 adj.修飾名詞，只能選D.
參考譯文：在生長的第二第三年，小孩們對自己的身體控制能力增強了。
3. All brass instruments use a mouthpiece _________ into a long cone-shaped tube.
A. is inserted
B. that inserted
C. that is inserted
D. and inserted
答案：C
分析：that引導(dǎo)一個定語從句，mouthpiece為先行詞。A 出現(xiàn)兩個謂語動詞，錯;B，D應(yīng)該用被動;
參考譯文：所有的銅管樂器都用一個放在長錐筒形管里的吹嘴。
4. By the mid-twentieth century， United States presidential staffs， _________ had numbered fewer than ten a century earlier， numbered in the hundreds.
A. as
B. that they
C. which
D. and
答案：C
分析：非限制性定語從句，只有which能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句
參考譯文：到20時間中期，美國的總統(tǒng)部官員達到了幾百個，而在一個世紀前，還屈指可數(shù)呢。
5. In 1966 only 60 percent of all five year olds in the United States attended kindergarten， _________ in 1985 almost 82 percent did so.
A. with
B. which
C. whether
D. while
答案：D
分析：整個句子中出現(xiàn)了兩個謂語，缺連接詞。
參考譯文：在1966年，所有5歲的小孩中只有60%的參加了幼兒園，而到1985，幾乎有82%的小孩上幼兒園了。
6. _________ industries， inventions， and communal endeavors of the Shakers， the best known is their fine furniture.
A. Of the many
B. Their many
C. Are the many
D. Many of the
答案：A
分析：倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。當prep短語位于句首，且謂語動詞為系動詞時，則引起倒裝。
參考譯文：在基督震蕩教徒所參與很多工業(yè)、發(fā)明創(chuàng)造和社區(qū)建設(shè)中，最聞名的是他們做的優(yōu)質(zhì)家具了。
7. Most fishes and many reptiles have ribs along most of the spine， but in mammals _________ only in the chest area.
A. they are found
B. finding them
C. in which they are found
D. are found
答案：A
分析：缺主語和謂語。該句不是定語從句。
參考譯文：大多數(shù)魚類和很多爬行動物沿著大部分脊柱都長有肋骨，但哺乳動物的肋骨只長在胸部位置。
8. Although the habitat of the American beech tree is now confined to the eastern United States and southeastern Canada， _________ extended as far west as California.
A. where it once
B. once
C. it once
D. and once
答案：C
分析：缺主語。A，D中的where， and 多余。
參考譯文：盡管美國山毛櫸樹的生長地現(xiàn)在只限制在美東和加拿大東南部的狹窄地帶，它曾經(jīng)都延伸向西生長遠到加州的地方。
9. Most of North America receives _________ some form of continuous plant cover except in the arid and semiarid Southwest.
A. moisture to sustain sufficient
B. sufficient moisture to sustain
C. to sustain sufficient moisture
D. sufficient to sustain moisture
答案：B
分析：缺賓語。其中形容詞修飾名詞，不定式表“目的”。A，C，D語序混亂。
參考譯文：除了干旱和半干旱的西南地區(qū)，大部分北美地區(qū)通過吸收充足的潮濕而保持一些連續(xù)植被的形式。
2016年托福考試考前語法練習(xí)題3
1. _________ denotes currency in circulation plus bank deposits.
A. The term “money supply”
B. The term is “money supply”
C. When the term “money supply”
D. “Money supply” is the term
答案：A
分析：缺主語。B，D中出現(xiàn)兩個謂語，一定錯。C中when多余，使得句子不完整。
參考譯文：術(shù)語貨幣儲備是指流通貨幣加上銀行存款。
2. The Franklin stove， invented around 1742， ________， originally with a partially open front， and was designed to fit into a fireplace.
A. was made of cast iron
B. cast iron was made of
C. cast of iron was made
D. was of iron made cast
答案：A
分析：invented around 1742為插入語，2個was為并列謂語。be made of 為固定搭配。
參考譯文：Franklin火爐發(fā)明于1742年，是用鐵澆鑄的，原先前面可以部分打開，而且設(shè)計成能正好裝進壁爐。
3. A few species of mushrooms cause death or serious illness _________.
A. having eaten
B. that they are eaten
C. are eaten
D. when eaten
答案：D
分析：狀語從句的省略結(jié)構(gòu)。省略條件：由特定的狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞：although， though， even though， if， when， while， as， whether; 從句為主系表結(jié)構(gòu);從句主語和主句主語一致。省略方式：要同時省略主語和系動詞。原句為：…… when mushrooms are eaten.
參考譯文：吃了一些種類的蘑菇會造成死亡或重大疾病。
4. Some critics maintain _________ the mystery novel is a symbolic ritual of guilt and retribution.
A. is that
B. that there is
C. it is
D. that
答案：D
分析：that引導(dǎo)賓語從句。A，C中出現(xiàn)兩個謂語動詞，錯;B中that引導(dǎo)的從句出現(xiàn)兩個謂語動詞，錯。
參考譯文：一些評論家認為神秘小說是罪與罰象征性的儀式。
5. _________ all cherry trees are very attractive when in bloom， some species with inferior fruit are cultivated especially for their flowers.
A. Although
B. There are
C. It is
D. That
答案：A
分析：后面句子完整，且出現(xiàn)了兩個謂語動詞，此處缺連接詞。
參考譯文：盡管所有的櫻桃樹在開花的時候都很美麗，但它們中的一些不結(jié)果的種類專門種植用來觀賞他們的花的。
6. Usually pitched in the of C， _________ may be tuned to B flat by means of a slide.
A. the bugle
B. because of the bugle
C. the bugle that
D. but the bugle
答案：A
分析：缺主語。
參考譯文：通常音調(diào)為C大調(diào)的軍號，可以通過滑動的方式平穩(wěn)的吹出B調(diào)來。
7. With _________ formal art training and largely self-educated， Anna Mary Moses， known as Grandma Moses， began to paint rural scenes at the age of seventy-eight.
A. not
B. no
C. neither
D. never
答案：B
分析：no修飾后面的名詞training.
參考譯文：沒有經(jīng)過正常的藝術(shù)培訓(xùn)和廣泛的自我教育，眾所周知的Moses奶奶Anna Mary Moses78歲才開始畫鄉(xiāng)村風光。
8. A block and tackle is a _________ of pulley blocks and ropes used for pulling or hoisting large objects.
A. mechanical set special
B. set special mechanical
C. special mechanical set
D. special set mechanical
答案：C
分析：固定搭配：a set of.;形容詞修飾名詞。
參考譯文：滑輪系統(tǒng)是一種特殊的機械裝置，用滑輪和繩索來拉或提升大件的物品。
9. Although _________ instant critical acclaim in 1952， he never completed a second novel， publishing many short works instead.
A. Invisible Man was the first novel by Ralph Ellison received
B. first received by Ralph Ellison， the novel Invisible Man was
C. Ralph Ellison's first novel， Invisible Man， received
D. Ralph Ellison's first novel， Invisible Man， was received
答案：C
分析：同位語結(jié)構(gòu)，由句意應(yīng)該用主動形式。
參考譯文：盡管Ralph Ellison的第一部小說《隱形人》在1952年得到了直接的贊譽，他卻再也沒有完成第二部小說，取而代之的是出版了很多短篇作品。
10. Sauropods had _________ smallest brains relative to body weight of any group of dinosaurs， yet they were among the most successful of all dinosaurs in evolutionary terms.
A. what was a
B. when a
C. of the
D. the
答案：D
分析：adj. 最高級前一定要加the.
參考譯文：雷龍是恐龍群體中大腦對身體重量相比最小的一種，然而他們在進化過程中卻屬于最成功的恐龍之一。
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