巧解新托福詞匯類問題

　　Example: OG Practice Set 5, question 3

　　Passage 3: …Absenteeism and lateness hurt productivity and since work was specialized, disrupted the regular factory routine. Industrialization not only produced a fundamental change in the way work was organized; it transformed the very nature of work.

　　The word disrupted in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　prolonged

　　established

　　followed

　　upset

　　解析：disrupt 在的文章句子中出現and連接的并列信息hurt，根據這一并列信息，我們可以得出disrupt在此句中的意思為upset。

　　4. 因果關系

　　Example: OG Practice Set 6, question 1

　　Passage 1: …Feeding, courtship, preproduction, and even “rest” are carried out while in constant motion. As a result, practically every aspect of the body form and function of these swimming “machines” is adapted to enhance their ability to swim.

　　The word enhance in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　use

　　improve

　　counteract

　　balance

　　解析：enhance 在的文章句子中出現表示因果關系的短語as a result,根據前一句中的原因，我們可以得出enhance在此句中的意思為improve。

　　5. 連詞or

　　Example: OG The EXPRESSION OF EMOTIONS question 1

　　Passage 1: Joy and sadness are experienced by people in all cultures around the world, but how can we tell when other people are happy or despondent? It turns out that the expression of many emotions may e universal…

　　The word despondent in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　curious

　　unhappy

　　thoughtful

　　uncertain

　　解析：despondent 所在的文章句子中出現疑問句，疑問句中的連詞or 表示選擇，因此我們可以得出despondent在此句中的意思為unhappy。

　　☆ 數字/時間

　　Example: OG Practice Set 3, question 11

　　Passage 6: With the advent of projection, the viewer’s relationship with the image was no longer private, as it had been with earlier peepshow devices such as the Kinetoscope and the Mutoscope, which was a similar machine that reproduced motion by means of successive images on individual photographic cards instead of strips of celluloid. It suddenly became public –an experience that the viewer shared with dozens, score, and even hundreds of others. At the same time, the image that the spectator looked at expanded from the minuscule peepshow dimensions of 1 or 2 inches (in height) to the life-size proportions of 6 or 9 feet.

　　The word expanded in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　was enlarged

　　was improved

　　was varied

　　was rejected

　　解析：expanded所在的文章句子中出現從“1 or 2 inches”到“6 or 9 feet”，因此我們可以輕而易舉得出expanded在文章中上下文意思為 was enlarged。

　　☆ 標點線索

　　Example: OG Practice Set 3, question 4

　　Passage 3: Exhibitors, however, wanted to maximize their profits, which they could do more readily by projecting a handful of films to hundreds of customers at a time (rather than one at a time) and by charging 25 to 50 cents admission…

　　The word readily in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　frequently

　　easily

　　intelligently

　　obviously

　　解析：readily 在的文章句子中出現表示附加或補充信息的圓括號()，根據圓括號中的內容，我們可以得出readily在此句中的意思為easily。

　　☆ 構詞法

　　根據構詞法，單詞的結構有三部分：前綴（prefixes），詞干（stems）和后綴（suffixes）。詞干是單詞的構成基礎，前綴和后綴則分別加在詞干的前面和后面，從而改變單詞的詞性和含義。而前綴、后綴和詞干都有其固定含義，因此根據構詞法，我們就可以利用其固定含義來判斷生詞的意思。

　　Example: OG NINETEENTH-CENTURY POLITICS IN THE UNITED STATES

　　Passage 1: …During his administration he immeasurably enlarged the power of the presidency…

　　The word immeasurably in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　frequently

　　greatly

　　rapidly

　　reportedly

　　解析：immeasurably一詞的詞根為measure（測量、度量）, 詞綴分別為im-（不），-able（能…的），-ly （由形容詞變為副詞）。因此我們可以判斷immeasurably一詞在此句中的意思為greatly。

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