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2016年11月3日雅思閱讀真題回憶

　　引言：還在為雅思考試熬夜奮戰的小伙伴們看過來!為了幫助你們更好進行復習，小編特地整理了歷年考試結束后網友的真題回憶，希望大家通過自己的努力最終拿下滿意的成績!如想了解更多內容歡迎關注應屆畢業生網。

2016年11月3日雅思閱讀真題回憶

　　一、考試概述

　　本次考試難度適中，包含了生物，歷史以及心理學這三個常見話題。備考可參考劍橋 C7T1P1 , C10T1P1 以及 C11T2P3。

　　二、具體題目分析

　　Passage 1 ：

　　題材：生物

　　題號：舊題

　　題型：判斷4+填空9

　　文章大意：文章提出了在海洋環境下"the bigger, the better"的理論，通過Lizard Island Study的研究,講了 reef fish從小魚到成年魚的進化過程,以及哪種魚才是predator的捕食目標。珊瑚魚的體型特征與被獵取之間的關系。例如動物的大小,動物的行走速度，視力等因素都對這個動物能否逃離被捕獵的危險有影響。最后推翻該理論。參考答案：

　　判斷4:

　　1. 大的物種有生存的優勢是因為游得快。解釋：還有其他的原因：比如天敵的數量=> False

　　2. 大的物種視力相對較好。解釋：文中提出體積大的物種相對有力量而且視力發展較好。=>True

　　3. 所有的early-juvenile fish呈現相同的特點。解釋：最后一段=> False

　　4. Well-developed fish can swim faster. 解釋最后一段,并不一定=> False

　　填空9:

　　Larval-stage: live in the (5. open sea) early-juvenile: live in (6. reef) 7. Lizard Island Study Difficulties: 8. 2-3 days; 9. predatory fish

　　Passage 2 ：

　　題材：歷史

　　題型：選擇5+配對8

　　題號：舊題

　　文章大意：本文主要講解不同國家古老錢幣的形狀，作用和意義。

　　參考答案：

　　選擇5:

　　14. 中國19世紀用的貨幣是：silver ingots

　　15. 泰國用虎骨做錢幣的原因：it is hard to obtain

　　16. 用狗牙做項鏈: worth a higher- value

　　17. 用釀魚的一部分項鏈：the chief of a tribe

　　18. Cross 貨幣如何制造的：pouring the melting iron in a sand mould

　　配對8:

　　19. Tanumu..gin: 把銀質奢侈品融化制成

　　20. obans: 最重的日本貨幣

　　21. Penny:形狀不能打破 ,否則失去價值靈魂

　　22. Cross:在津巴布韋地區依然沿用

　　23. 巴比倫貨幣：現代貨幣的來源

　　24. Japanese family tree:用在亞洲北部的幾個國家

　　25. dog teeth:給自己的新娘準備的項鏈

　　26. 鯨魚骨：宗教意義和部落首領

　　Passage 3 ：

　　題材：心理

　　題型：配對4+判斷5+細節配對5

　　題號：舊題

　　參考文章(僅供參考)：

　　Can you spot the difference?

　　This failure to notice what should be very apparent is something we unconsciously experience every day as our brains filter the barrage of visual information which we are flooded with. And apparently it has a name; it is called change blindness.

　　Scientists at Queen Mary, University of London, have invented a unique spot-the-difference-style computer game in order to Study Milan Verma, a scientist at Queen Mary, explains: "It's the phenomenon where seemingly striking or obvious changes are not noticed." He and his colleagues are asking volunteers to play the game-which involves looking at a screen as it flashes between two images of the same scene. "It flicks between a pre-change version and a post-change version of the scene," Dr Verma explains. "The volunteers simply have to press the button and tell us exactly when they spot the change."

　　Trying out the game at Dr Vermi S office，my initial reaction was self-satisfaction; I spotted the difference in the first scene - a picture of a butterfly with orange stripes on its wings - almost immediately.

　　In the pre-change scene the colorful insect had two stripes - one on each wing, and on the post-change, there was just one. Easy. Next? But I was Quickly reminded that I am just as "change blind" as the next person. As an image of an iceberg scene with five penguins on it flashed in front of me，I stared blankly，unable to see a difference.

　　“I will let you off - there is a lot going on in this image," Dr Verma reassured me. ”But it is quite a big change." He had to give me a due - directing me to the area of the image where the change occurred - before I realised that a whole chunk of iceberg was missing in the post change image.

　　That represented one of the fundamental factors about change blindness; a whole chunk of iceberg might seem like an easier thing to spot than the stripe on a butterfly wing, but it is not as obvious to the human brain.

　　"The butterfly image is easy because the changed scene violates our expectations/, explains Dr Verma. "We expect butterflies to be symmetrical - to have two identically marked wings - so one that isn't really stands out to us.

　　Neurosciaitists, as well as developers of artificial intelligence, have been interested in this facet of human perception for many years. Infact, the Queen Mary team incorporate their biological findings into the design of robots - Studying the basis of human vision and perception in order to artificially recreate it.

　　And Dr Verma says this might be the first truly unbiased scientific Study of change blindness. "Previously, scientists have studied this by manually manipulating pictures, "he said. "So they'd use... image manipulation software, make a deliberate change and then ask viewers: "Can you see the change，yes or no?” This, he says, is cheating. If a human scientist makes a change to a picture, they are making a very human decision about what and where that change is-- choosing to remove the bird from the comer of the park view, or to change the color of the sofa in a living room scene. "So they're making some subjective judgement about how noticeable they think the change is."

　　In this Study, Dr Verma and his colleague and supervisor, Professor Peter McOwan, created an algorithm that meant the computer "decided" how to change the image. Professor McOwan told BBC News: "This is，as far as I'm aware, the first time ever that artificial intelligence [Al] technology has been used to generate experimental stimuli to test human percept ion. "It brings together two interesting fields of study- Al and human perception. Dr Verma and Professor McOwen designed software that underlies the game's ability to make a change to each image. Dr Verma describes this as a "genetic algorithm". It essentially tells the computer to change the images in a process akin to evolution.

　　"It's like a process of survival of the fittest，"explained Dr Verma. "Darwin suggested that a fit individual is one that can best survive in its Surroundings-like a moth that can camouflage with the bark of a tree.” But in this case "fitness" is determined by the smallest difference between the pre-and post-change scenes, in terms of how attention-grabbing they are.

　　參考答案：

　　人名配對

　　27. B

　　28. D

　　29. E

　　30. F

　　判斷

　　31. False

　　32. Not Given

　　33. False

　　34. False

　　35. True