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有哪些必備的經濟類雅思詞匯
人類的生活離不開“經濟”二字,經濟是社會普遍關注的。下面,為大家送上一些經濟類雅思詞匯,祝大家考試順利。
一、宏觀經濟
1. gross domestic product (GDP):國內生產總值
例句:The countrys GDP has been steadily growing in recent years.(這個國家的國內生產總值近年來一直在穩步增長。)
2. inflation:通貨膨脹
例句:High inflation can have a negative impact on peoples living standards.(高通貨膨脹會對人們的生活水平產生負面影響。)
3. deflation:通貨緊縮
例句:Deflation can lead to a decrease in economic activity.(通貨緊縮可能導致經濟活動減少。)
4. recession:經濟衰退
例句:The country is currently in a recession, with high unemployment rates.(這個國家目前處于經濟衰退中,失業率很高。)
5. depression:經濟大蕭條
例句:The Great Depression of the 1930s had a profound impact on the world economy.(20 世紀 30 年代的大蕭條對世界經濟產生了深遠影響。)
6. economic growth:經濟增長
例句:Sustainable economic growth is essential for the development of a country.(可持續的經濟增長對一個國家的發展至關重要。)
7. economic stability:經濟穩定
例句:Maintaining economic stability is one of the governments top priorities.(保持經濟穩定是政府的首要任務之一。)
8. fiscal policy:財政政策
例句:The government uses fiscal policy to stimulate economic growth.(政府利用財政政策刺激經濟增長。)
9. monetary policy:貨幣政策
例句:The central bank adjusts monetary policy to control inflation.(中央銀行調整貨幣政策以控制通貨膨脹。)
10. balance of payments:國際收支平衡
例句:A countrys balance of payments is an important indicator of its economic health.(一個國家的國際收支平衡是其經濟健康狀況的重要指標。)
二、微觀經濟
1. supply and demand:供求關系
例句:The price of a commodity is determined by supply and demand.(商品的價格由供求關系決定。)
2. market:市場
例句:The market for luxury goods is growing rapidly.(奢侈品市場正在迅速增長。)
3. competition:競爭
例句:Intense competition in the market forces companies to innovate.(市場上的激烈競爭迫使公司進行創新。)
4. consumer:消費者
例句:Consumers are becoming more conscious of environmental issues.(消費者越來越關注環境問題。)
5. producer:生產者
例句:Producers need to adapt to changing market conditions.(生產者需要適應不斷變化的市場條件。)
6. cost:成本
例句:High production costs can reduce a companys profit margins.(高生產成本會降低公司的利潤率。)
7. price:價格
例句:The price of oil has fluctuated significantly in recent months.(石油價格在最近幾個月里大幅波動。)
8. profit:利潤
例句:The company made a large profit this year.(這家公司今年獲得了豐厚的利潤。)
9. loss:損失
例句:The company suffered a significant loss due to poor management.(由于管理不善,這家公司遭受了重大損失。)
10. demand curve:需求曲線
例句:The demand curve shows the relationship between price and quantity demanded.(需求曲線顯示了價格和需求量之間的關系。)
三、金融領域
1. bank:銀行
例句:I need to go to the bank to withdraw some money.(我需要去銀行取一些錢。)
2. interest rate:利率
例句:The central bank lowered interest rates to stimulate economic growth.(中央銀行降低利率以刺激經濟增長。)
3. loan:貸款
例句:I took out a loan to buy a new car.(我貸款買了一輛新車。)
4. credit:信用
例句:Good credit is important for getting a loan.(良好的信用對于獲得貸款很重要。)
5. debt:債務
例句:The country is facing a large amount of debt.(這個國家面臨著巨額債務。)
6. stock market:股票市場
例句:The stock market has been volatile recently.(股票市場最近波動很大。)
7. share:股票
例句:I own some shares in a company.(我擁有一家公司的一些股票。)
8. bond:債券
例句:The government issues bonds to raise funds.(政府發行債券籌集資金。)
9. mutual fund:共同基金
例句:Investing in mutual funds can be a good way to diversify your portfolio.(投資共同基金是分散投資組合的好方法。)
10. insurance:保險
例句:I have health insurance to cover my medical expenses.(我有健康保險來支付我的醫療費用。)
四、國際貿易
1. import:進口
例句:The country imports a large amount of oil.(這個國家進口大量的石油。)
2. export:出口
例句:The countrys main exports are agricultural products.(這個國家的主要出口產品是農產品。)
3. trade:貿易
例句:International trade plays an important role in the global economy.(國際貿易在全球經濟中發揮著重要作用。)
4. tariff:關稅
例句:The government imposed tariffs on imported goods to protect domestic industries.(政府對進口商品征收關稅以保護國內產業。)
5. quota:配額
例句:The country has set quotas on imports of certain goods.(這個國家對某些商品的進口設定了配額。)
6. free trade:自由貿易
例句:Free trade agreements can promote economic growth and cooperation.(自由貿易協定可以促進經濟增長和合作。)
7. exchange rate:匯率
例句:The exchange rate between the two currencies has fluctuated recently.(兩種貨幣之間的匯率最近波動很大。)
8. balance of trade:貿易差額
例句:The country has a trade deficit, importing more than it exports.(這個國家有貿易逆差,進口多于出口。)
9. globalization:全球化
例句:Globalization has brought many benefits, but also some challenges.(全球化帶來了許多好處,但也帶來了一些挑戰。)
10. multinational corporation:跨國公司
例句:Multinational corporations play a significant role in international trade.(跨國公司在國際貿易中發揮著重要作用。)
五、經濟發展與可持續性
1. sustainable development:可持續發展
例句:Sustainable development is crucial for the future of our planet.(可持續發展對我們星球的未來至關重要。)
2. renewable energy:可再生能源
例句:The use of renewable energy sources is increasing.(可再生能源的使用正在增加。)
3. environmental protection:環境保護
例句:We need to take measures to protect the environment and promote sustainable development.(我們需要采取措施保護環境,促進可持續發展。)
4. economic inequality:經濟不平等
例句:Economic inequality is a major issue in many countries.(經濟不平等是許多國家的一個主要問題。)
5. poverty reduction:減少貧困
例句:The government is committed to poverty reduction.(政府致力于減少貧困。)
6. human development:人類發展
例句:Investing in education and healthcare is essential for human development.(投資于教育和醫療保健對人類發展至關重要。)
7. social responsibility:社會責任
例句:Companies should take social responsibility and contribute to sustainable development.(公司應該承擔社會責任,為可持續發展做出貢獻。)
8. green economy:綠色經濟
例句:The development of a green economy is essential for a sustainable future.(綠色經濟的發展對可持續的未來至關重要。)
9. circular economy:循環經濟
例句:A circular economy aims to reduce waste and promote resource efficiency.(循環經濟旨在減少浪費,提高資源效率。)
10. sustainable consumption:可持續消費
例句:Promoting sustainable consumption is important for environmental protection.(促進可持續消費對環境保護很重要。)
六、其他
1、depression
n.蕭條,不景氣
Depreciation is characterized by decreasing business activity, falling prices, and unemployment.
經濟蕭條的特點是商業活動減少,物價降低和失業。
2、discount
n.折扣
3、welfare
n.福利;安寧;幸福;福利事業
4、efficiency
n. 效率,功效
The program was implementd with great efficiency and speed.
這個項目的實施快速有效。
5、unemployment
n.失業;失業人數
6、entrepreneur
n.企業家;主辦人
7、factor
n.因素,要素
8、reserve
vt.儲備,保存,保留;預定,預約 n.儲備(物),儲藏量
The government raised the official reserve ratio for commercial banks.
政府提高了商業銀行的官方準備金比率。
9、fiscal
adj.財政的;國庫的;會計的;國庫歲入的
Monetary policy and fiscal policy are tools for the government to curb the development of the economy.
貨幣政策和財政政策是政府控制經濟發展的工具。
10、industrialization
n.工業化,產業化
11、deflation
n.通貨緊縮
12、index
n.指數,指標
13、securities
n.證券
14、insurance
n.保險;保險單;保險業;保險費
15、futures
n.期貨
16、inventory
n.存貨 vt.盤存,盤點
17、financial
adj.財政的,金融的
Mr. Danial is our financial adviser.
丹尼爾先生是我們的財政顧問。
18、budget
n.預算 vi.做預算,編入預算
A new car will not be part of our budget this year.
今年的預算沒有買新車這項內容。
19、equilibrium
n.平衡,均衡;平靜
20、hyperinflation
n.惡性通貨膨脹
21、aggregate
n.合計,總計;集合體
Aggregate sales in that market is expected to grow.
該市場的總銷售量預計將增長。
22、incentive
n.刺激;鼓勵
Taxation policy is sometimes used as incentives to attract investment.
稅收政策有時是吸引投資的獎勵措施。
23、profitability
n.收益性,利益率
24、allocation
n.分配;安置
25、rigidity
n.剛性;安置
26、share
n.分享,參與;一份,部分;份額,參股
27、stock
n.股本;股票,股份
28、Nasdaq
n.納斯達克
29、payment
n.付款,支付;報酬;償還
30、stagger
v.搖晃,蹣跚;交錯;搖搖擺擺
31、distortion
n.扭曲,變形;曲解;失真
32、function
n.功能,作用
33、tariff
n.關稅;關稅表
Tariff for major items has been decreasing since Chinas into the WTO.
自中國加入世貿組織后,主要成品的關稅持續下降。
34、quota
n.配額;限額
The quota system might contribute to corruption such as rent seeking.
配額體制可能導致尋租之類的腐朽。
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