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英譯漢常用短語(yǔ)及句型
引導(dǎo)語(yǔ)：翻譯經(jīng)常會(huì)碰到的英語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)都有哪些呢?以下是小編整理的英譯漢常用短語(yǔ)及句型，歡迎參考!
not nearly(=by no means、far from)遠(yuǎn)不
例1：The food supply will not increase nearly enough to match this, which means that we are heading into a crisis in the matter of producing and marketing food.
譯文：食品供應(yīng)將遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)趕不上人口的增長(zhǎng)，這就意味著我們?cè)诩Z食的生產(chǎn)和購(gòu)銷(xiāo)方面正面臨危機(jī)。
“更不用說(shuō)”的表示法：much less、still less，這兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)的詞組或從句，表示一種追加的否定，less是由little的比較級(jí)，所以這兩個(gè)詞組只能用于否定句中，可譯為“更不用說(shuō)，更不必說(shuō)”。
to say nothing of、not to speak of、not to mention、let alone這四個(gè)詞組也意為 “更不用說(shuō)”，也是一種追補(bǔ)的說(shuō)法，但它們與much less和still less有所不同。這些詞組可以隨前一句的意思而定，即前一句是肯定，則追加的也是肯定意義;如果前一句是否定，則追加的是否定意義。
例1：I could not agree to,much less participate in such proceedings.
譯文：我不能同意這種行為，更談不上參加這些行動(dòng)了。
例2：He knows little of mathematics,and still less of chemistry.
譯文：他幾乎不懂?dāng)?shù)學(xué)，更不用說(shuō)化學(xué)了。
例3：I did not even see him,still less(=much less) shake hands with him.
譯文：我看也沒(méi)有看見(jiàn)過(guò)他，哪里還談得上同他握手呢?
例4：In old China,here was hardly any machine-building industry, to say nothing of an electronic industry.
譯文：在舊中國(guó)，幾乎沒(méi)有什么機(jī)器制造工業(yè)，更不用說(shuō)電子工業(yè)了。
例5：Sally takes singing and dancing lessons,to say nothing of swimming and tennis lessons.
譯文：莎莉?qū)W了唱歌和舞蹈課，而且還學(xué)了游泳和網(wǎng)球課。
例6：At that time they could not afford the ordinary comforts of life,not to speak of luxuries.
譯文：那時(shí)他連普通生活都不能維持，更不要說(shuō)奢侈品了。
例7：They have three fine sons,not to speak of their two 1ovely daughters.
譯文：他們有了三個(gè)好兒子，而且還有兩個(gè)可愛(ài)的女兒。
例8：I don't know algebra or geometry,not to mention calculus.
譯文：我連代數(shù)、幾何都不懂，更不必說(shuō)微積分了。
例9：A11 they have to do is press a button,and they can see plays, films,operas and shows of every kind,not to mention political discussions and the latest exciting football match.
譯文：他們所要做的只是按一下電鈕，就能看到各種戲劇、電影、歌劇和各式各樣的演出，而且還能看到各種政治辯論和最近舉行的激動(dòng)人心的足球賽。
例10：I can't add two and two, let alone do fractions.
譯文：我連2加2都不會(huì)，更不要說(shuō)做分?jǐn)?shù)題了。
注意：美國(guó)成語(yǔ)詞典認(rèn)為let alone只能用于追加的否定，但是有的詞典認(rèn)為，該短語(yǔ)也可以引導(dǎo)追加的肯定。例如：There were five people in the car,let alone the luggage and the two dogs.
nothing else than完全是，實(shí)在是
例1：What the man said was nothing else than nonsense.
譯文：那人講的話完全是一派胡言。
例2：Your success was due to nothing else than your own diligence.
譯文：你的成功完全是由于你自己的勤奮。
It is not that...but that...這不是說(shuō)……，而是說(shuō)……
例1：It is not that the scales in the one case, and the balance in the other, differ in the principles of their construction or manner of working; but that the latter is much finer apparatus and of course much more accurate in its measurement than the former.
譯文：這并不是說(shuō)在一種情況下所使用的磅秤和另一種情況下所用的天平在構(gòu)造原理上或工作方式上存在差別，而是說(shuō)與前者相比，后者是一種更精密得多的裝置，因而在計(jì)量上必然更加準(zhǔn)確。
can not...too...再……也不過(guò)分
例1：We cannot be too careful of health.
譯文：我們無(wú)論如何注意健康也不為過(guò)。
例2：You cannot be too careful when you drive a car.
譯文：你開(kāi)車(chē)時(shí)再小心也不過(guò)分。
例3：We can not be too faithful to our duties.
譯文：我們必須盡力忠于職守。
other...than...或other than...不同于，非;除了
例l：Plants which refine crude ores are often located in countries other than those in which the crude ores are mined.
譯文：提煉礦石的廠房通常不是設(shè)在采礦石的國(guó)家而設(shè)在其它國(guó)家。
例2：Reactions other than the desired one often occur when reactants are brought together.
譯文：當(dāng)這些反應(yīng)物放在一起時(shí)，常發(fā)生不希望有的一些反應(yīng)。(即：…常發(fā)生與希望有的反應(yīng)不同的反應(yīng)。)
例3：All parts of the house other than the windows were in good condition.
譯文：除了窗之外，屋子的其它部分都完好無(wú)損。
...the last+n.+不定式或定語(yǔ)從句，…最不可能的……
例1：She would be the last person to go along with the scheme.
譯文：她可能會(huì)是最不同意這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃的人。
例2：That's the last thing I'd expect you to do.
譯文：那是我最不期望你做的事情。
It is asserted that...有人斷言...
It is believed that... 據(jù)認(rèn)為....，人們相信....
It is considered that...有人認(rèn)為...
It is reported that...據(jù)報(bào)道...
It is said that...據(jù)說(shuō)....
It is supposed that...據(jù)推測(cè)...
It is told that...據(jù)傳...
It appears that看來(lái)似乎...，好像...
It is well known that...眾所周知...
It is estimated that...據(jù)估計(jì)...
It was pointed out that...有人指出...
It is generally accepted that...人們通常認(rèn)為...，一般認(rèn)為...，大家公認(rèn)...
It is alleged that...人們斷言...
It is claimed that...有人主張...，人們要求...
It cannot be denied that...不可否認(rèn)
It has been found that...實(shí)踐證明
It is predicted that...據(jù)估計(jì)...，據(jù)預(yù)測(cè)...
It is suggested that...有人建議...
It goes without saying that...不言而喻，……
例：It goes without saying that in order to speak good English, we must first of all learn good pronunciation.
譯文：不言而喻，為了講好英語(yǔ)，首先必須學(xué)好發(fā)音。
It is common knowledge that…眾所周知，……
例：It is common knowledge now that Chinese people are very intelligent.
譯文：眾所周知，中國(guó)人和很聰明。
It occurs to sb. that…(某人)想起……
例1：It occurred to me suddenly that I had met him somewhere.
譯文：我突然想起在什么地方見(jiàn)過(guò)他。
例2：It occurred to me that she was jealous of me.
譯文：我突然發(fā)覺(jué)她嫉妒我。
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