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大學生英語四級考試閱讀理解精選試題及答案解析
在日復一日的學習、工作生活中，我們都可能會接觸到試題，試題是參考者回顧所學知識和技能的重要參考資料。相信很多朋友都需要一份能切實有效地幫助到自己的試題吧？以下是小編為大家收集的大學生英語四級考試閱讀理解精選試題及答案解析，歡迎大家分享。
大學生英語四級考試閱讀理解試題及答案解析 1
The world has become a world of cities. With the present rate of urban growth(3. 8% in the Third World) , the majority of the population of the world will be living in cities by the year 2000. This will transform the rural-urban equation which has marked the history of mankind up to now and will call for new example and a great deal of innovation to face this phenomenon.
This being so, one must accept the fact that for some years to come, no policy will be capable of stopping or reversing the present migratory trend from the rural areas to the cities in the Third World. In Africa, the urban population will reach 330 million people by the end of the century as against 150 million in 1995.
The number of people living in shanty-towns (貧富窟) will inevitably increase in spite of the efforts to improve housing conditions. Africa alone needs to build 12 million housing units between now and the year 2000 to meet its most basic needs. In an ILO study, M. S. V. Sethuraman estimates that in 70 Third "World cities the proportion of people living in shanty-towns varies from 15% to 70% and that about US $ 116 billion is required to give minimum comfort to these people by the turn of the century—less than US $ 10 billion per year.
The world population is growing at a rate of about 90 million people per year, with the Third World accounting for 80 million of them. The pressure on cities can only go on increasing. The urban population of the developing countries will exceed 2 billion people by the year 2000 and since the main reason for the high demographic (人口統計的) growth is poverty, the additional population will be mostly made of people of very limited means.
21. If the urban population of the developing countries exceeds 2 billion people by the year 2000, the main problem the additional people will face is______.
A. housing B. food
C. poverty D. limited land
22. According to the passage, "about US $116 billion is required to give minimum comfort to these people by the turn of the century—less than US $ 10 billion per year. " Do you think which year was the article written by saying "less than $ 10 billion per year" by the turn of the century?
A. 1985. B. 1990.
C. 1988. D. 2000.
23. The mankind should face the phenomenon that the world has become a world of cities with______.
A. a lot of difficulties
B. efforts to improve housing condition
C. pressure of the basic needs
D. new models and a great deal of transformation of ideas and methods
24. In Africa, people in cities will be______by the end of the century.
A. almost twice as much as in 1985 B. doubled than that in 1985
C. over twice as much as in 1985 D. 300 million
25. In spite of the efforts to improve housing condition, the number of people living in shanty-towns will increase because______.
A. houses in shanty-towns are cheap
B. shanty-towns could provide people with minimum comfort
C. no policy will be capable of stopping or changing the present immigrant tendency from the rural areas to the cities in the Third World
D. the Third Word population is growing at a rate of about 80 million people per year
答案：
21. C 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. C
大學生英語四級考試閱讀理解試題及答案解析 2
There are two factors which determine an individuals intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped envionmentally ,it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable. The importance of environment in determining an individuals intellingence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark X. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old , their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reated by parents of low intelligence in an isolatedcommunity with poor educational pooprtunities.Mark was reared inthe home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child , sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.This enviromental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were giben tesets to measure their intelligence. Marks I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities , the twins , having identical brains,would have tested at roughly the same level.
1.This selection can best be titled_________.
a.Measuring Your Intelligence
b.Intelligence and Environment c.The Case of Peter and Mark
d.How the brain Influences Intelligence
2.The beststatement of the main idea of this passage is that _____. a.human brains differ considerably
b.the brain a person is born with is improtant in determining his intelligence c.environment is crucial in determining a persons intelligence d. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence
3.According to the passage , the average I.Q.is _____.
a.85 b.100
c.110
d.125
4.The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _______. a.individual with identical brains seldom test at same level b.an individuals intelligence is determined only by his enviroment c.lack of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligence d.changes of enviroment produce changes in the structure of the brain
5.This passage suggests that an individual s I.Q.______. a.can be predicted at birth
b.stays the same throuthout his life
c.can be increased by education
d.is determined by his childhood
答案：bcbcc
大學生英語四級考試閱讀理解試題及答案解析 3
There are three kinds of goals: short-term,medium-range and long-term goals. Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily basis.Such goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible months.It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation ,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term goals.Upon completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed. The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range goals.They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several years.Any time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow adn succeed.And as your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase. Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action. 1.Our long-term goals mean a lot______.
A.if we complete our short-range goals
B.if we cannot reach solid short-term goals
C.if we write down the dates
D.if we put forward some plans
2.New short-term goals are bulid upon______.
A.two years B.long-term goals
C.current activities D.the goals that have been completed
3.When we complete each step of our goals ,______.
A.we will win final success
B.we are overwhelmed
C.we should build up confidence of success
D.we should strong desire for setting new goals 4.Once our goals are drawn up,_______.
A.we should stick to them until we complete them
B.we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunities C.we had better wait for the exciting news of success
D.we have made great decision
5.It is implied but not stated in the passage that ______.
A.those who habe long-term goals will succeed
B.writing down the dates may discourage you
C.the goal is only a guide for us to reach our desination
D.every should have a goal
答案：adcbc
大學生英語四級考試閱讀理解試題及答案解析 4
Today ,as in every other day of the year ,more than 3000 U.S. adlescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime,it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered,30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweithts all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death. Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 precent , smoking rates among youth have declined . While the decline is impressive ,several important issues must be raised. First, in the past several years,smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second,in the late 1970s ,smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent . The statistic is reversing.Third ,several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent . Finally, thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade,no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context,the Naional Cancer Instiute (NCI) began its current effort to determine the most effecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth.
1.According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____.
a.traffic accidents b.smoking-related desease
c.murder d.all of these
2.Every day there are over_____high school strdents who will become regular smoker.
a.75 b.23 c.30 d.3000
3.By "dropout" the author means______.
a.students who failed the examination
b.students who left school c.students who lost their way d.students who were driven out of school
4.The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________. a.NCI has taken effective measures
b.smoking is prevented among high school seniors
c.there are many smokers who have died of cancer
d.none of these
5.What is implied but not stated by the author is that ________.
a.smoking rates among youth have declined very little
b.there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniors
c.high smoking rates are due to the incease in wealth
d.smoking at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds
答案：
bdbdb
大學生英語四級考試閱讀理解試題及答案解析 4
試題：
Passage One
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
The term “culture shock” has already begun to creep into the popular vocabulary. Culture shock is the effect that immersion in a strange culture has on the unprepared visitor. Peace Corps volunteers and international students alike experience culture shock in varying degrees.
Culture shock is caused by the anxiety that results from losing all our familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse. Those signs or cues include the thousand and one ways in which we orient ourselves to the situation of daily life: when to shake hands and what to say when we meet people, when and how to give tips, how to make purchases, when to accept and when to refuse invitations, when to take statements seriously and when not. These cues, which may be words, gestures, facial expressions, customs, or norms, are acquired by all of us in the course of growing up and are as much a part of our culture as the language we speak or the beliefs we accept. All of us depend for our peace of mind and our efficiency on hundreds of these cues, most of which we do not carry on the level of conscious awareness.
Now when an individual enters a strange culture, all or most of these familiar cues are removed. He or she is like a fish out of water. No matter how broad-minded or full of goodwill you may be, a series of props have been knocked from under you, followed by a feeling of frustration and anxiety. People react to the frustration in much the same way. First they reject the environment which causes the discomfort. “The ways of the host country are bad because they make us feel bad.” When foreigners in a strange land get together to grouse about the host country and its people, you can be sure they are suffering from culture shock.
56. According to the passage, culture shock is caused by _____.
A. unfamiliar language and beliefs
B. different ways of social intercourse
C. losing familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse
D. not being broad-minded or full of goodwill
57. Which of the following are cues of social intercourse?
A. Words and beliefs.
B. Customs and norms.
C. Language and efficiency.
D. Frustration and anxiety.
58. A person experiencing culture shock is like _____.
A. a fish out of water
B. a broad-minded person
C. a person full of goodwill
D. a person with peace of mind
59. People suffering from culture shock usually _____.
A. take statements seriously
B. reject the host country
C. learn the host countrys language
D. make purchases in the host country
60. The passage is mainly about _____.
A. culture shock and its causes
B. Peace Corps volunteers and international students
C. frustration and anxiety
D. familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse
答案及解析：
56. C。細節題。根據第二段第一句“Culture shock is caused by the anxiety that results from losing all our familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse.”可知，文化沖擊是由于失去了我們熟悉的社交標志和符號而引起的`焦慮所致，所以答案是 C。
57. B。細節題。根據第二段“These cues, which may be words, gestures, facial expressions, customs, or norms...”可知，社交的線索可能是單詞、手勢、面部表情、習俗或規范，所以答案是 B。
58. A。細節題。根據第三段“He or she is like a fish out of water.”可知，經歷文化沖擊的人就像離開水的魚，所以答案是 A。
59. B。細節題。根據第三段“First they reject the environment which causes the discomfort. ‘The ways of the host country are bad because they make us feel bad.’”可知，遭受文化沖擊的人通常會拒絕東道國，所以答案是 B。
60. A。主旨題。文章主要介紹了文化沖擊的概念以及產生的原因，所以答案是 A。
大學生英語四級考試閱讀理解試題及答案解析 5
試題：
Passage Two
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
The world is filled with smart, talented, educated and gifted people. We meet them every day. A few days ago, my car was not running well. I pulled it into a garage, and the young mechanic had it fixed in just a few minutes. He knew what was wrong by simply listening to the engine. I was amazed. The sad truth is, great talent is not enough.
I am constantly shocked at how little talented people earn. I heard the other day that less than 5 percent of Americans earn more than $100,000 a year. A business consultant who specializes in the medical trade was telling me how many doctors, dentists and chiropractors struggle financially. All this time, I thought that when they graduated, the dollars would pour in. It was this business consultant who gave me the phrase, “They are one skill away from great wealth.”
What this phrase means is that most people need only to learn and master one more skill and their income would jump exponentially. I have mentioned before that financial intelligence is a synergy of accounting, investing, marketing and law. Combine those four technical skills and making money with money is easier. When it comes to money, the only skill most people know is to work hard.
When I ask the classes I teach, “How many of you can cook a better hamburger than McDonalds?” almost all the students raise their hands. I then ask, “So if most of you can cook a better hamburger, how come McDonalds makes more money than you?” The answer is obvious: McDonalds is excellent at business systems. The reason so many talented people are poor is that they focus on building a better hamburger and know little or nothing about business systems. The world is filled with talented poor people. All too often, theyre poor or struggle financially or earn less than they are capable of, not because of what they know but because of what they do not know. They focus on perfecting their skills at building a better hamburger rather than the skills of selling and delivering the hamburger.
61. The author is amazed at the fact that _____.
A. talented people earn so little
B. few people are financially successful
C. the young mechanic fixed his car in a few minutes
D. doctors, dentists and chiropractors struggle financially
62. According to the business consultant, most people need to learn and master one more skill to _____.
A. earn more money
B. be financially intelligent
C. combine technical skills
D. work hard
63. The author uses the example of McDonalds to show that _____.
A. business systems are more important than cooking skills
B. most people can cook a better hamburger than McDonalds
C. McDonalds makes more money than most people
D. talented people should focus on building business systems
64. The reason why so many talented people are poor is that _____.
A. they dont work hard enough
B. they lack financial intelligence
C. they dont know how to sell and deliver
D. they focus on perfecting their skills at building a better hamburger
65. The main idea of the passage is that _____.
A. talented people need to learn more skills to be financially successful
B. financial intelligence is a combination of four technical skills
C. the world is filled with talented poor people
D. McDonalds is excellent at business systems
答案及解析：
61. C。細節題。根據第一段“I pulled it into a garage, and the young mechanic had it fixed in just a few minutes. I was amazed.”可知，作者驚訝于年輕的機械師在幾分鐘內就修好了他的車，所以答案是 C。
62. A。細節題。根據第二段“What this phrase means is that most people need only to learn and master one more skill and their income would jump exponentially.”可知，大多數人只需要學習和掌握一項額外的技能，他們的收入就會呈指數增長，所以答案是 A。
63. D。推理題。作者以麥當勞為例，說明麥當勞擅長商業系統，而很多有才華的人只專注于制作更好的漢堡，卻不了解商業系統，從而得出有才華的`人應該專注于建立商業系統的結論，所以答案是 D。
64. D。細節題。根據最后一段“The reason so many talented people are poor is that they focus on building a better hamburger and know little or nothing about business systems.”可知，很多有才華的人之所以貧窮，是因為他們專注于制作更好的漢堡，而對商業系統知之甚少或一無所知，所以答案是 D。
65. A。主旨題。文章通過舉例說明有才華的人需要學習更多的技能才能在經濟上取得成功，所以答案是 A。
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