名詞化的形容詞不定式動(dòng)名詞賓語(yǔ)從句等來(lái)?yè)?dān)任,與是對(duì)應(yīng)的其主語(yǔ)多為能流動(dòng)能消耗的東西,買(mǎi)畫(huà)制作三個(gè)動(dòng)詞在直接賓語(yǔ)前置時(shí)則必須在后邊加構(gòu)成,分析下列句子成分并判斷句子結(jié)構(gòu)類型。
句子成分講解
句子成分講解I
一、句子的組成
句子的組成部分,包括主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)八種
二、句子成分
1、主語(yǔ)是句子敘述的主體,可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞化的形容詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞和主語(yǔ)從句等來(lái)承擔(dān)。
哪些詞可以充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)?
ThedoctorlookedoverMrs.Brownverycarefully.
Idon’tknowifitwillgrow.
Itisayoungforest
Oneisnotenoughforme.
Togiveisbetterthantoreceive
Whoisthebabyinthepicture?
Whatisthetime?
Therearemanydifferentkindsofmooncakes.
Thathedidn’tspendallthemoneyisright.
(Itisrightthathedidn’tspendallthemoney.)
2、謂語(yǔ)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)做了什么動(dòng)作或處在什么狀態(tài)。謂語(yǔ)由動(dòng)詞來(lái)承擔(dān)主語(yǔ)的后面。
謂語(yǔ)的形式
Iagree.
Hegavemeapen.
Weareallhere.
Helookedworried.
Iwon’tdoitagain.
HecanspeakEnglish.
Ihaven’tunderstoodyet.
(Note:主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)是英語(yǔ)句子的兩大成分,除少數(shù)句子(如祈使句和感嘆句等)外,一句話必須同時(shí)具有主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)所表達(dá)的意思才能完整。)
3名詞化的形容詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、賓語(yǔ)從句等來(lái)?yè)?dān)任。
Isawacatinthetree.
Iwanttogoshopping.
Givetherubbertome.=Givemetherubber.
Wethinkyouareright.
4、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)是起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用的成份。最常見(jiàn)的是賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。名詞、動(dòng)名詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞都可以在句子中作賓補(bǔ)。
Ifinditinteresting.
Ifinditinterestingtoreadthisbook.
Icallthestudentsbackatonce.
Fatherwillnotallowustoplayonthestreet.
Ithinkyourbrotheracleverboy.
Wehearhimsinginginthehall.
句子成分講解II
5、定語(yǔ)修飾名詞或代詞。定語(yǔ)可以由名詞,修飾詞的前面,如果是詞組,定語(yǔ)放在被修飾詞的后面。
Thatisabeautifulflower.
Thisismybook,notyourbook.
Therearemorethantwentytrees.
Ihavealotofthingstodo.
Ourcountryisadevelopingcountry.
TheTVsetmadeinthatfactoryisverygood.
6、狀語(yǔ)用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞,或者說(shuō)明事物發(fā)生的時(shí)間,地點(diǎn),原因,目的,結(jié)果方式,條件或伴隨情況,程度等情況的詞叫狀語(yǔ)。狀語(yǔ)可以由副詞,短語(yǔ)以及從句來(lái)?yè)?dān)任。
Heranrapidly.
Iputdownthevaseonthegroundcarefully.
Wefoundthelittlegirlinthehill.
IwillgotoBeijingtomorrow.
Heworkshardinordertoearnmoremoney.
ItissocoldtodaythatIcatchacold.
Ifyoustudy,youcangainhighgrades.
Hewentbackhome,sleepyandtired.
7、表語(yǔ)是用來(lái)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份、性質(zhì)、品性、特征和狀態(tài)的,它常位于系動(dòng)詞(be,become,appear,seem,look,sound,feel,get,smell等詞)之后。
Africaisabigcontinent.
Who'she?
Itisbeautiful.
Pleasekeepquiet.
Youshouldstaycalm.
Itremainsapuzzle.
Thisiswhathesaid.
8、同位語(yǔ):一個(gè)名詞(或其它形式)對(duì)另一個(gè)名詞或代詞進(jìn)行修飾,限定或說(shuō)明,這個(gè)名詞(或其它形式)就是同位語(yǔ)。同位語(yǔ)與被它限定的詞的格要一致,并常常緊挨在一起。
Mr.Smith,ournewteacher,isverykindtous.
YesterdayImetTom,afriendofmybrother's.
Thefactthathehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedeverybody.
相關(guān)習(xí)題:
劃出下列句子的句子成分。
1.Ourschoolisnotfarfrommyhome.
2.Itisagreatpleasuretotalkwithyou
3.Allofusconsideredhimhonest.
4.Mygrandfatherboughtmeapairofsportsshoes.
5.Hebrokeapieceofglass.
6.Hemadeitclearthathewouldleavethecity.
7.Iloveyoumorethanher.
8.Teesturngreenwhenspringcomes.
9.Theypushedthedooropen.
10.Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.
11.Hewrotecarefullysomeletterstohisfriends.
12.Allthestudentsthinkhighlyofhisteaching.
13.Weneedaplacetwicelargerthanthisone.
14.HeaskedustosinganEnglishsong.
句子結(jié)構(gòu)成分分析講解加練習(xí)完整版
I.根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)劃分:①簡(jiǎn)單句
S+V(主+謂)
S+V+P(主+謂+表)
S+V+O(主+謂+賓)
S+V+o+O(主+謂+間賓+直賓)S+V+O+C(主+謂+賓+賓補(bǔ))②并列句and,but,or
③復(fù)合句:名詞從句(賓,主,表,同)
副詞從句(狀語(yǔ)從句)形容詞從句(定語(yǔ)從句)II.根據(jù)功能劃分:陳述句
疑問(wèn)句(一般疑問(wèn)句,特殊疑問(wèn)句,選擇疑問(wèn)句,反義疑問(wèn)句,修辭疑問(wèn)句)
祈使句
感嘆句
I.常用作連系動(dòng)詞:
①變成,變得:become,come,fall,get,go,grow,,turn
口訣:好是come,壞是go;天氣、外貌慢慢grow;顏色、天氣大不同turn;Get\become口語(yǔ)化,如果要說(shuō)就用它.
口訣解讀:
Come一般表示事物由壞變好,結(jié)果是好的。
如:Dreamscometrue.夢(mèng)想成真。
Go一般表示事物由好變壞,結(jié)果是不好的。
如:It'ssuchahotdaytodaythatthisdishhasgonesmelly.今天太熱了,菜都餿了。Grow表示逐漸變化,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是緩慢變化的過(guò)程,后面往往接表示天氣或外貌變化的靜態(tài)形容詞。
如:Iwanttogrowoldwithyou.我想和你一起慢慢變老。
Run與grow是對(duì)應(yīng)的,其主語(yǔ)多為能流動(dòng),能消耗的東西。
如:Stillwaterrunsdeep.靜水深流。
Turn多接表示顏色和天氣的形容詞,側(cè)重于表達(dá)與之前大不相同。如:Theweathersuddenlyturnedhot.天氣突然變熱了。
Inspringthetreesturngreen,theflowerscomeout.春天樹(shù)變綠了,花開(kāi)了。
II.代雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞
“七給”一“帶”to不少,“買(mǎi)”畫(huà)“制作”for來(lái)了。
1、“七給”(give,pass,lend,write,show,send,hand)和“帶”(bring)8個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞,在直接賓語(yǔ)前置時(shí),必須在后面加上“to”。即“vt.+sth.+to+sb.”
如:Helentsomemoneytome.類似動(dòng)詞的還有:get,mail,offer,owe(借),pay,promise,read,sell,take,teach等
2、“buy”(買(mǎi));“draw”(畫(huà));“make”(制作)三個(gè)動(dòng)詞,在直接賓語(yǔ)前置時(shí),則必須在后邊加“for”,構(gòu)成“vt.+sth.+for+sb.”。
如:Motherboughtanewdreforme。類似的動(dòng)詞還有:build,choose,cook,cut,do,find,fix,leave,order(訂購(gòu)),reach等。
反意疑問(wèn)句
附在陳述句之后,對(duì)陳述句所說(shuō)得事實(shí)和觀點(diǎn)提出疑問(wèn)。
一般來(lái)說(shuō)有兩種形式:陳述肯定,則所附問(wèn)句否定;陳述句否定,則所附問(wèn)句肯定。
TheEmbarrassedMagician.
Magician(toyoungsterhehascalleduponthestage):
Now,myboy,youhaveneverseenmebefore,haveyou?
Boy:NoDaddy.
Youhavecompletedthatjob,haven’tyou?
Youhavenotcompletedthatjob,haveyou?
三.祈使句:
用以表示請(qǐng)求,命令,勸告,建議等語(yǔ)氣的句子。
主語(yǔ)You常省略,只以動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭。
一般沒(méi)有時(shí)態(tài)變化,不與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用。
Stopbuggingme.
Don’tjudgeabookbyitscover.
Don’tgetmewrong.
Let’sjusthavearest.
Let’shopeforthebest.
Letbygonesbebygones
Makehaywhilesunshines.
四.感嘆句:
主要由what和how來(lái)引導(dǎo)。
What結(jié)構(gòu)主要有兩種
A、Whata(n)+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+謂語(yǔ)部分!
Whatalovelyboyheis!
B.What+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+謂語(yǔ)部分!
Whatfoolishmistakesyouhavemade.
Whatniceweather(itis)!
How結(jié)構(gòu)主要有一種:
A.How+形容詞/副詞+主謂部分Howlovelytheboyis!
Howfastthetimeflies!
B.How+主謂部分(實(shí)義動(dòng)詞做謂語(yǔ))HowIhateexam!我真煩考試!
Howhesnores!他鼾聲如雷!
(二)practice
2.分析下列句子成分,并判斷句子結(jié)構(gòu)類型。Timefliesby.
I’monadiet.
Iownyouone.
Itslippedmymind.
Oldhabitsdiehard.
Ienjoyyourcompany.
Ican’tstandtheheat.
Chattingontheinternetbringsmealotoffun.HespeaksEnglishwell.
TeacherswillmakeyourEnglishbetter.Theyfoundthedeadboy.
Theyfoundtheboydead.
Ifoundthebookeasily.
Ifoundthebookeasy.
TomfoundJimanapartment.
WefoundJohnaloyalfriend.’
Iwillfindyouagoodteacher.
Shewillmakehimagoodwife.
Shewillmakehimagoodhusband.
英語(yǔ)句子成分和英語(yǔ)句子結(jié)構(gòu)講解及練習(xí)
英語(yǔ)句子成分和英語(yǔ)句子結(jié)構(gòu)講解及練習(xí)
1.主語(yǔ)(subject)句子說(shuō)明的人或事物。Thesunrisesintheeast.(名詞)Helikesdancing.(代詞)
Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(數(shù)詞)Seeingisbelieving.(動(dòng)名詞)Toseeistobelieve.(不定式)
Whatheneedsisabook.(主語(yǔ)從句)
Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.(It形式主語(yǔ),主語(yǔ)從句是真正主語(yǔ))
2.謂語(yǔ)(predicate)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)和特征。WestudyEnglish.Heisasleep.
3.表語(yǔ)(predicative)系動(dòng)詞之后的成分,表示主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征。Heisateacher.(名詞)
Fiveandfiveisten.(數(shù)詞)Heisasleep.(形容詞)Hisfatherisin.(副詞)
Thepictureisonthewall.(介詞短語(yǔ))
Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.(形容詞化的分詞)
Towearafloweristosay“I’mpoor,Ican’tbuyaring.(不定式)Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.(表語(yǔ)從句)
(常見(jiàn)的系動(dòng)詞有be,sound(聽(tīng)起來(lái)),look(看起來(lái)),feel(摸起來(lái),smell(聞起來(lái)),taste(嘗、吃起來(lái)),
remain(保持,仍是),feel(感覺(jué))...
Itsoundsagoodidea.Hervoicesoundssweet.Tomlooksthin.
Thefoodsmellsdelicious.Thedoorremainsopen.
4.賓語(yǔ):
1)動(dòng)作的承受者-----動(dòng)賓IlikeChina.(名詞)Hehatesyou.(代詞)Weneedtwo.(數(shù)詞)
Weshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.(動(dòng)名詞)Ihopetoseeyouagain.(不定式)
Didyouwritedownwhathesaid(賓語(yǔ)從句)
2)介詞后的名詞、代詞和動(dòng)名詞-----介賓Areyouafraidofthesnake.
Underthesnow,therearemanyrocks.
3)雙賓語(yǔ)-----間賓(指人)和直賓(指物)Hegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney.
5.賓補(bǔ):對(duì)賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)充,全稱為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。Weelectedhimmonitor.(名詞)
Weallthinkitapitythatshedidn’tcomehere.(名詞)Wewillmakethemhappy.(形容詞)Wefoundnobodyin.(副詞)
Pleasemakeyourselfathome.介詞短語(yǔ))Don’tlethimdothat.(省to不定式)
Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboyalesson.(帶to不定式)Don’tkeepthelightsburning.(現(xiàn)在分詞)I’llhavemybikerepaired.(過(guò)去分詞)
6.主補(bǔ):對(duì)主語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)充。Hewaselectedmonitor.
Shewasfoundsinginginthenextroom.
Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.
7.定語(yǔ):修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞、詞組或句子。Yanlingisachemistryteacher.(名詞)Heisourfriend.(代詞)
Webelongtothethirdworld.(數(shù)詞)
Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.(形容詞)Themanoverthereismyoldfriend.(副詞)
Thewomanwithababyinherarmsismysister.(介詞)TheboysplayingfootballareinCla2.(現(xiàn)在分詞)
Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwellnow.(過(guò)去分詞)Ihaveanideatodoitwell.(不定式)
YoushoulddoeverythingthatIdo.(定語(yǔ)從句)
8.狀語(yǔ):用來(lái)修飾v.,adj.,adv.,或者句子。表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、程度、條件、方式和讓步。
(以下例句按上述順序排列)
Iwillgotheretomorrow.
Themeetingwillbeheldinthemeetingroom.Themeatwentbadbecauseofthehotweather.HestudieshardtolearnEnglishwell.
Hedidn’tstudyhardsothathefailedintheexam.Ilikesomeofyouverymuch.
Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpatheexam.Hegoestoschoolbybike.
Thoughheisyoung,hecandoitwell.
基本句子結(jié)構(gòu)
簡(jiǎn)單句的五個(gè)基本句型
主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)Shecame./Myheadaches.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)ShelikesEnglish.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)Sheishappy.
主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)ShegaveJohnabook.
Sheboughtabookforme.
主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)Shemakeshermotherangry.
Theteacheraskedmetoreadthepassage.
There+beThereliesabookonthedesk.
分析下列句子成分
1.Ourschoolisnotfarfrommyhome.
2.Itisagreatpleasuretotalkwithyou
3.Allofusconsideredhimhonest.
4.Mygrandfatherboughtmeapairofsportsshoes.
5.Hebrokeapieceofglass.
6.Hemadeitclearthathewouldleavethecity.
7.---Iloveyoumorethanher,child.
8.Teesturngreenwhenspringcomes.
9.Theypushedthedooropen.、
10.Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.